The Four Keys to ID
- Size & Shape
A small but sturdy songbird, with a fairly thick, short bill and relatively long wings and tail.
Relative Size
Larger than a Red-breasted Nuthatch, smaller than a Red-eyed Vireo.
sparrow-sized or smallerMeasurements
- Both Sexes
- Length: 4.3-5.3 in (11-13.6 cm)
- Weight: 0.5-0.6 oz (13-18 g)
- Wingspan: 9.4 in (24 cm)
- Color Pattern
- Behavior
- Habitat
Regional Differences
The cassinii subspecies occurs across most of the species’ range in western North America. The lucasanus subspecies occurs only in southern Baja California, Mexico, and has a larger bill than cassinii. The cassinii form migrates, whereas lucasanus is a permanent resident in mountains at the tip of the Baja California Peninsula. As is expected in a migrant, the migratory subspecies has slightly longer wings than the sedentary lucasanus.