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Snow Goose

Chen caerulescens ORDER: ANSERIFORMES FAMILY: ANATIDAE

IUCN Conservation Status: Least Concern

Snow Goose Photo

A medium-sized goose that breeds on the arctic tundra, the Snow Goose travels south in very large, high-flying, noisy flocks. The swirling white of a descending flock suggests snow, but among the white birds are darker individuals. Until recently, the Blue Geese, as the dark birds were called, were considered a separate species. They are now recognized as merely a dark form (or "morph") of the Snow Goose.

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At a GlanceHelp

Measurements
Both Sexes
Length
27.2–32.7 in
69–83 cm
Wingspan
54.3 in
138 cm
Weight
56.4–116.4 oz
1600–3300 g
Other Names
  • Oie blanche, Oie bleue, Oie des neiges (French)
  • Ganso blanco (Spanish)

Cool Facts

  • Snow Goose hunting in the eastern United States was stopped in 1916 because of low population levels. Hunting was allowed again in 1975 after populations had increased. Populations have been growing so large that the geese are destroying nesting habitat. Hunting has not slowed the dramatic increases in population size.
  • One nest was found to be attended by two female Snow Geese, but no male. Each female had been inseminated by a different male and both incubated the eggs.
  • The dark color of the blue morph Snow Goose is controlled by a single gene, with dark being partially dominant over white. If a pure dark goose mates with a white goose, the offspring will all be dark (possibly with white bellies). If two white geese mate, they have only white offspring. If two dark geese mate, they will have mostly dark offspring, but might have a few white ones too.
  • Parents stay with their young through the first winter. Families travel together on both the southbound and northbound migrations, separating only after they return to the arctic breeding grounds. Family groups can easily be seen in migrating and wintering flocks.

Habitat


Lake/Pond

  • Breeds on subarctic and arctic tundra, near ponds or streams.
  • Winters in coastal marshes and bays, wet grasslands, freshwater marshes, and cultivated fields.

Food


Plants

Entirely vegetarian. Eats variety of plant species and parts, from aquatic plants to grasses and grain.

Nesting

Nesting Facts
Egg Description
Creamy white to dirty gray.
Condition at Hatching
Covered with down and eyes open. Leaves nest within 24 hours of hatching with the ability to swim and feed.
Nest Description

Nest a scrape in the ground lined with plant material and down feathers.

Nest Placement

Ground

Behavior


Dabbler

Courtship displays and pairing take place in spring, during a goose's second spring migration. Pairs remain together for life. Feeds in water-logged soil or shallow water.

Conservation

status via IUCN

Least Concern

Populations have been growing exponentially in most parts of the range. Some colonies are becoming so large that the geese are destroying nesting habitat, and hunting is proposed to decrease the populations.

Credits

  • Mowbray, T. B., F. Cooke, and B. Ganter. 2000. Snow Goose (Chen caerulescens). In The Birds of North America, No. 514 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

Range Map Help

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