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Help develop a Bird ID tool!

American Coot

Fulica americana ORDER: GRUIFORMES FAMILY: RALLIDAE

IUCN Conservation Status: Least Concern

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Often mistaken for a duck, the American Coot is a common waterbird. Its all black body and white chicken-like beak distinguish this swimming rail from the real ducks.

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Appearance

Ducklike
Ducklike
Typical Voice

Adult Description

  • All black.
  • Swims and dives.
  • White bill with black mark near tip.
  • Bill triangular like a chicken's, not flat like a duck's.
  • White stripe on sides of undertail.

Immature Description

Downy young with bald red head; immature similar to adult, but dull gray instead of black, with lighter face and chest.

Range Map Help

American Coot Range Map
View dynamic map of eBird sightings

Field MarksHelp

  • Adult

    American Coot

    Adult
    • Round body and round head
    • Dark gray overall with black head
    • Bright white, pointed bill (not rounded like a duck's)
    • Red eye, greenish legs
    • © Billtacular, New Jersey, February 2009
  • Adults

    American Coot

    Adults
    • Dark gray with black head and white bill
    • Often found in large flocks in the winter
    • © Laura Erickson, Ithaca, New York, February 2009
  • Adult

    American Coot

    Adult
    • Pointed white bill
    • Dark reddish forehead shield
    • Large, greenish, lobed feet
    • © genericzombie, Louisville, Kentucky, January 2009
  • Adult

    American Coot

    Adult
    • Very large, lobed feet
    • Coots dive underwater to feed on aquatic vegetation
    • © Ron McCluskey, Douglas County, Washington, February 2009
  • Juvenile

    American Coot

    Juvenile
    • Orange-yellow collar of down feathers
    • Fluffy black down feathers cover body
    • Bare skin on head with stubby red and orange bill
    • © Nick Chill, San Carlos, San Diego, California, May 2010
  • Adult and juvenile

    American Coot

    Adult and juvenile
    • Orange down on neck of juvenile turns pale gray-white with age
    • Bare head of juvenile develops pale feathering
    • Adults often seen feeding juveniles in late spring and summer
    • © Raymond Lee, Elk Island NP, Alberta, Canada, July 2010
  • Adult

    American Coot

    Adult
    • Thick greenish legs and very large feet
    • Black head and neck
    • Pointed white bill
    • © Cameron Rognan, Sunset Park, St. George, Utah, December 2007

Similar Species

  • Adult

    Purple Gallinule

    Adult
    • Similar in shape but easily distinguishable from American Coot
    • Bright violet underparts, glossy green back and wings
    • Red bill with yellow tip and pale blue facial shield
    • Long, yellow legs with large, non-lobed feet.
    • © Ken Schneider, Palm County, Florida, February 2009
  • Adult

    Common Gallinule

    Adult
    • Similar in shape and behavior to American Coot, but readily distinguishable
    • Red bill and forehead shield, yellow bill tip
    • White undertail
    • White stripe on flanks
    • © Jeff H, Lake Underhill, Orlando, Florida, January 2011
  • Adult

    Common Gallinule

    Adult
    • Long, clawed toes with no lobes
    • Red bill and forehead shield with yellow bill tip
    • White stripe on flanks
    • © avicentric, Loxahatchee NWR,, Florida, December 2009
  • Immature

    Common Gallinule

    Immature
    • Bold, white undertail
    • Olive-brown back and wings
    • No lobes on toes
    • © cminer52, Waupun, Wisconsin, October 2010
  • Adult

    Pied-billed Grebe

    Adult
    • Not very similar to American Coot
    • Smaller and brown throughout
    • Small head and slender neck
    • Gray-yellow bill with no facial shield
    • © Lois Manowitz, Stockham, Tucson, Arizona, February 2010

Similar Species

Common Moorhens are smaller and slimmer than American Coots, with a bright-red, yellow-tipped bill and facial shield. American Coots can develop a dark red area on the upper part of the shield, but the bill is always mainly white. American Coots are more uniformly gray-black than Common Moorhens, which have a bold white stripe on the flanks and greenish-brown wings. Out of the water, Common Moorhens have thin toes whereas American Coots have floppy, lobed toes. Young Common Moorhens have the white flank stripe and bold white under the tail to set them apart from American Coots. Pied-billed Grebe is found in the same wetland habitat as American Coot but is smaller and pale brown throughout, with no facial shield. Purple Gallinule is similar in shape, but has bright violet underparts and iridescent green wings, a yellow-tipped red bill, and a pale blue facial shield.